Il Nobel della pace a Barack Obama: analisi del discorso

Il 10 dicembre 2009 è stato consegnato il Nobel della Pace a Barack Obama, un Nobel da molti giudicato prematuro e controverso.
Il suo essere controverso dipende dal fatto che il Presidente degli Stati Uniti è ancora coinvolto nella guerra in Iraq.
Non solo: proprio qualche giorno prima dell’assegnazione, il Presidente Obama ha inviato altri 30.000 uomini sul fronte afgano.
Un problema non da poco dal punto di vista dell’immagine e della legittimità del premio.

In questa situazione è facile comprendere la forte la curiosità relativa alle parole con cui avrebbe accettato il premio in questione (che – per inciso – consiste di una medaglia e circa un milione di euro che Obama vuole devolvere in beneficienza)

Io come ho già fatto in altri casi, ho usato la tecnica dell’analisi testuale per provare a dare uno sguardo diverso alle parole pronunciate dal Presidente Americano.

Lo strumento utilizzato è il sempre ottimo Many Eyes, invece il testo tradotto del discorso è opera di Anna Bissanti per conto del Il Sole 24 Ore (da cui ho preso la tagcloud di sopra).
Per i puristi, il testo originale si trova sul sito internet della Fondazione Alfred Nobel.

Cominciamo con la tagcloud e le relative frequenze.
Il discorso (tradotto) contiene un totale di 4695 parole (stop word comprese) mentre il vocabolario complessivo del discorso (ovvero le parole uniche) è pari a 1594 parole.

La parola più citata è sicuramente /guerra/ (32 occorrenze) che assieme alle parole /guerre/ (10 occorrenze) e /guerriglie/ (1 occorrenza) raggiunge un totale di 43 occorrenze.
La parole /pace/ di contro è presente con 29 occorrenze: quindi da un punto vista astratto la /guerra/ è più presente della /pace/ anche se nell’ordine di +3 occorrenze (32-29=3)

Informazioni interessanti possono essere fatte se prendiamo in considerazione i contesti d’uso di /guerra/ e /pace/.
Usando la visualizzazione wordtree, vediamo che /guerra/ è usata per fare paragoni con la /guerra mondiale/ e la /guerra fredda/.
E’ anche presente il concetto /guerra giusta/ ma solo per essere criticato sia nel suo uso politico che nel suo uso religioso.

la /pace/ invece ha un contesto più problematico.
Infatti /pace giusta/ ha 4 occorrenze (così come /guerra giusta/) e se la visualizziamo come termine della frase, vediamo che è connessa a verbi come mantenere, volere, trovare.

Da una analisi molto rapida, possiamo dire che l’uso del termine /guerra/ ha più un valore analitico, mentre il termine /pace/ ha un valore più problematico.

Non so precisamente cosa questo voglia dire: lascio a chi interessato (e ha letto tutto il discorso) aggiungere qualche osservazione aggiuntiva.

120 thoughts on “Il Nobel della pace a Barack Obama: analisi del discorso

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